The De Teliga Report

Saigon

2011-05-27T09:54:00.001+10:00

Coming from Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City) to Mekong you can’t help but to notice the extraordinary socio-economic differences.
I know there are incredible inequities in every country - I have seen some of Eastern Europe, Africa, India and just some of South America.
What struck me on this recent study trip to Vietnam was the incredible and scary differences between the rich and the poor, and the rising influence of America, China, Japan and Korea on a country that has spent almost its entire history being occupied by these same nations.
Australians are well-liked in Saigon. I don't think we are as kind to each other as the Vietnamese though. I was to be seduced by the beauty, kindness and helpfulness of the Vietnamese.
When I was sick one day, total strangers came to my aid with peppermint oil and massages – not wanting nor expecting a penny in return.
On the two hour drive from Saigon to Mekong the landscape is mostly rice paddies, workers looking like they are in a set from Apocalypse Now.
The real shock awaits me at Mekong. Four people (totally for my trip alone) took me on a tour up the Mekong Delta and along the narrow rivers where the napalm had destroyed entire villages and wiped out scores of families, but now is lush and overgrown again. The cost for 4 people, a boat and a return trip from Saigon - $8million Vietnam Dollars or around $90 Australian. A fellow traveller told me I should have bargained them down. I just couldn't bring myself to do so.
The villagers live in dirt, literally. They sell whatever they can find; they scrounge around to make enough to feed their families one meal at a time.
This is a communist country, and yet the divide between city and country people is so sharp and marked.
These dirt-poor peasants in Mekong earn an average of the equivalent of $300-500 a year (a year!) whereas in Saigon they can earn twice as much - $1,000 a year if they are lucky.
There is no public education, so about 70% of the population is poorly educated, if at all.
There is no public health, and the government has cracked down on people who go to hospital and run away before the bill is presented.
My Mekong guide, a history professor, had an experience recently. His daughter-in-law was due to give birth, so he went with her to the hospital. The hospital demanded $1million Vietnam Dollars up front. This is about $45 Australian dollars. He couldn’t pay. He tried to borrow it, his friends couldn’t help him, so finally she gave birth at home with just the family to care for her and the infant.
He was very angry with the government about this. He offered his security card and driver licence but these were not enough as security
Given all this hardship, I expected a bitter and unhappy population. On the contrary – they are friendly, kind and gentle. They exude kindness.
Back in Saigon I went to a Sunday buffet at the hotel. It was packed with wealthy local families and many expats. The expats were fat (I am a big man, but they outclassed me by at least double), the locals were thin, but the atmosphere was riotous. The buffet include all the Moet you could drink, French wines and German beers included.
The feast was incredible. It would have been impossible to taste just a tiny bit of everything available. And there outside the window sat the beggars and the street vendors trying to make a dollar for tonight’s meal.
Finally, I took a day tour of Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), to see the effects of centuries of occupation.
China appears to have had the biggest positive influence, and America the biggest negative one. While they want tourism to save the economy, they not-so-privately tell us they don’t like Americans because of the war.
The war of the 1950’s to 70’s is living on in the memories of anyone over forty, and the Vietnamese regard it as yet another invasion of their country – this time by the Americans. I am glad they don’t remember we were there as well.
The streets of Saigon are terrifying. Imagine a sea of motor scooters coming straight at you, but you are told not to run, but walk slowly and consistently, and they flow around you. It’s true. Red lights mean nothing, just walk slowly.
I can recommend it to everyone.

Mild to Serious Obsessive-compulsive disorders can lead to retail happiness.

2011-03-26T11:29:00.000+11:00

Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD) is characterized by excessive shopping cognitions and buying behaviour that leads to distress or impairment.

Work by DW Black in 2007 found that, worldwide, this disorder has a lifetime prevalence of around 6% of any western population

Most people studied clinically are women (approximately 80%), though this gender difference may be just because researchers think more women shop than men. Subjects with CBD report a preoccupation with shopping, pre-purchase tension or anxiety, and a sense of relief following the purchase.

CBD is associated with significant other psychological issues, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and other disorders of impulse control.

The majority of people with CBD appear to meet criteria for other diagnosable disorders, although there is no special "shopping" personality listed.

Compulsive shopping tends to run in families, and these families are quite often associated with mood and substance use disorders. There are no standard treatments.

It is a fact that people can be helped by the use of antidepressants. People who have obsessive-compulsive shopping disorder or CBD have responded well through the use of antidepressants. By “well” we mean that that they have been able to control their CBD.

So, that trip to the mall to buy a new top or a jumper you have had your eye on for some time might by symptomatic of an obsession. (Most likely not, but if frequent, then it may be so).

And as with any obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there are no racial, financial, social or gender differences. Someone as wealthy as a media mogul or as poor as an unskilled factory worker can experience OCD.

It is the same for people who shop frequently.

The mere fact that there are even terms for this: Obsessive Shopping Disorder or Compulsive Buying Disorder indicates such a disorder exists.

Obviously budgets prevail sometimes

Whilst there is significant empirical evidence for this disorder, anecdotally we have all witnessed, as well as heard many stories about, people who, despite a recession and often a shortage of personal finances are determined to shop for the latest fashion or trend.

There are many women who, despite being far from well off, will never wear last season's fashion. They have to buy the latest season's fashion no matter what.

Think of several people who cannot live without the latest in computer technology, and are obsessive about buying even before the latest products are out, by ordering ahead.

CBD Exists With High and Low Ticket Items

Interviews with 100 car dealers (Benchmark Research 2010) revealed that there was an average 6% of new car buyers who had to own the latest in certain brands of motor cars, despite the clear knowledge that they will lose a small fortune on the trade-in. in fact, many had lost huge sums of money over five or more trade-ins.

The car dealers love these customers, foster their CBD by taking them on special “drive days” and bombarding them with literature about the next models to appear in Europe.

The same applies to smaller ticket items as well. Department store and boutiques send out pre-sale offers to frequent shoppers, invite them to viewings of next year’s fashions and so on.

Surely it’s all just “marketing”? But it could also be catering to people with a disorder they need to recognize and often need to control.

Procrastination

2011-02-16T08:17:00.003+11:00

Procrastination

Procrastination is opportunity's assassin. ~Victor Kiam

We all put things off from time to time. We procrastinate.

However, chronic procrastination is akin to a mental illness.

In fact it is a sort of mental illness, and like many others, is largely driven by low self-esteem.

Here‘s how it seems to operate: imagine that you feel that whatever task you have to complete is a difficult one. You have to focus on it for a considerable period.

Now imagine you are terrified that you will not do a good enough job of that task. Add to that a dreadful fear of failure (“What if it’s not good enough?” ; “What if I am not good enough?”).

Further, top up the emotions with a strong desire to make the outcome perfect, and you have a very frightening combination of feelings that force you to pause before you start the project.

And you pause for a long time. You put off dealing with the issue by busying yourself with minor tasks.

We All Procrastinate

Surveys have shown that over 90% of us procrastinate from time to time. However, there are about 20% of us who chronically or habitually procrastinate because we are terrified of failure, or cannot believe we will make a perfect job of the task. Many procrastinators are perfectionists.

Debilitation

Oddly, in society we accept procrastination as just a minor issue, but it is, in fact, a very serious issue for those who chronically procrastinate. It is a fear, and like any other major fear, it can be debilitating and very destructive for the people who suffer from this illness.

Some people are actually unable to function at all because they are so fearful of failure.

Commencing A Project or Task Can Be Daunting

Fear of failure is almost as powerful as fear of success within these people – “I am not worthy of success” and “I will always fail” are the catch-cries of procrastinators.

These are deeply seated psychological drivers of their procrastinating behaviour. The fear can be almost palpable for these people. They are terrified to begin a project or task, and will do almost anything to put it off.

It has often been thought that people who procrastinate are just lazy. But this is not the case. They are fearful of starting something they might not complete perfectly.

Much has been written about procrastination and its links with ADHD, and almost certainly there are associations there, however, procrastination is not the exclusive domain of attention deficit sufferers.

Characteristics of procrastinators are outbursts of anger; shouting and feelings of being dejected are frequent. Feelings of worthlessness, potential failure, rejection and internalised grief at loss of jobs, future potential and “what could have been” prevail.

Causes of Low Self Esteem

It’s all well and good to pass off problems of procrastination as “low self-esteem”, but the root causes of low self-esteem must be examined here.

In short, low self-esteem is a very dysfunctional state for the people who suffer from it. It appears that this state is developed from childhood, and persists throughout adulthood.

People with low self-esteem generally approach life from a negative point of view. In fact, people unable to cope with this often commit suicide as a result. Quite often these people will become aggressive, commit crimes, verbally (and sometimes physically) attack other people.

In teenagers, delinquency and low self-esteem are closely related. Bullies at school are generally found to suffer from low self-esteem.

Most people with low self-esteem have had an early childhood without much affection from parents, and have been told frequently that they are no good, failures headed for an unsuccessful future.

Child abuse, parental unemployment and/or alcoholism are also causal factors. In fact, anything to do with the creation of negative outlooks will often lead to low self-esteem in a child.

Some Ways Of Dealing With Procrastination

Start the project! No matter how bad you start it, at the very least try to put pen to paper, or begin the task even if it’s not perfect. You can always go over it many times to make changes.

Try not to vacuum the floor instead, before you start. Just do anything at all towards the project, and you can say you have started. Try not to worry about the outcome at this early stage. A start is good.

Always try to be around positive people, avoid negative people, and never try to overcome the feelings without seeking help from a friend or professional.

Stop seeing negative people as often, remember it’s your life we are talking about here.

Always seek positive environments, and avoid negative ones. Walk away from negative situations wherever possible.

Keep a diary or journal of feelings; try to identify what makes you feel negative and situations/ people that help you feel positive.

Reward yourself for every hour you put into a project: go for a walk; buy an ice=cream; go to the movies etc.

Try to obtain a copy of a remarkable book that will help you if you are a chronic procrastinator: “Worrier’s Guide To Overcoming Procrastination: Breaking Free From Anxiety That Holds You Back” written by Pamela Wiegartz & Kevin Gyoerkoe, New Harbinger Publications 2011 Price $24.26.

Part 2: Australians

2011-02-10T08:20:00.000+11:00

Part 2 of a Multi-Part Analysis of Some Australian Data

The following information is taken largely from ABS data and
projections.

Often I am asked what the implications for a specific business
might be.

The only way to respond is to take each point and work it through
individually for a brand, product or service individually.

However, every brand, product and service will be effected by
these changes, some dramatically.

Population Changes

If birth-rate and immigration continue at present levels, according
to the ABS projections, Australia will be in population decline by
2050.

Until then, our population will rise by around 30% - to 26 million.
In comparison, the world’s will rise by around 70%.

By that time, Indonesia, already 10 times our size, will be 12
times. Malaysia, our size now, will be double.

The Greying of Australia

The Australian population is ageing quickly. The current median
age in Australia is 36 year.

In 20 years it will be 41 years of age!

In 50 years 25% of Australians will be aged over 65 years,
whereas that number is at 14% right now.

The population under 14 years will decline from 21% today to
15% in 2050.

Living Longer

We will live longer. The next generation might all live beyond 100
years of age.

Right now males live to 76 and females to 81 years.

Compare this with the life expectancy in the ACT - males 78 and
females 87 years.

Notably, the Northern territory life expectancy levels are
significantly lower - males 69 and females 75 years.

When you separate the indigenous figures from these the
numbers are shocking.

Fertility Rates

In the 1960's the fertility rate was around 3.6 children per female.

These days the fertility rate is around 1.8 births per female, and
whilst this number has risen in the last few years, you can see
that such a dramatic shift will effect the population for
decades.

It is predicted by the ABS that the fertility rate will continue at this
level for many years. Some predictions even show a further
decline.

Even so, one in every three women will remain childless,
compared to one in four just a decade ago.

Startling!

The most significant shift in birth data is a rather dramatic move in
the median age of the birth of a female's first child:

In 1980 the median age of a female at the birth of her first child
was 23 years.

Today it's 31 years!

What this means for your business has to be determined on a
case-by-case basis, however, this one figure will almost certainly
have a significant impact upon your plans.

Living Longer

Australian longevity rates continue to rise (apart from indigenous
longevity).
Only Sweden and Japan "out age" us.

Just this week, a new report of a large study into youth health has
revealed that, for the first time in many decades, lower exercise
and subsequent obesity levels could lead to greater numbers of
cancers, heart disease and an overall reduction in longevity.

What Does It All Mean?

There is significant change within Australia that will effect your
brands, products or services. It seems vital to me that every case
must be studied individually, in order to estimate what the impact
will be, and what these changes mean for you.

Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require further
data/information, and any assistance in working through these
changes for your brands, products or services.

Australia. You're standing in it!

2010-12-04T06:52:00.000+11:00

This Part 1 of a multi–part article.

Some Facts About Australia

The Happy Country

“How could anyone be depressed when they have Sydney harbour to play on?”

This was said by a director of a major bank, gazing out from his 41^st floor view of the harbour on a glistening January morning.

This same director refused to believe that Australia has one of the highest per capita consumption rates of anti-depressants in the world.

He also refused to accept that we have the largest attempted suicide rates amongst teenagers.

He lived in Wahroonga and drove his 600 SEL Mercedes to his kids’ private school and to the yacht club and golf.

He would not believe that 20% of our under-18’s have a serious depressive episode requiring treatment.

Nor that the suicide rate for young Australian males has doubled in the last 15 years.

We see boys who are feeling the pressure of life, to perform in a job, career, relationships, at school, with money, amongst their peers, at their wits end.

Last year approx nearly 2,000 Australians committed suicide, and whilst this figure has fallen since the late 90’s, over three quarters were males, and suicide is the largest killer of young males aged between 20-34 years – higher than car accidents.

The Lucky Country

"We set ourselves this first goal: by 1990 no Australian child will be living in poverty," Bob Hawke, 1987

4.5 million Australians (22% of the pop.) live under the Henderson poverty line.

Nearly half the population has poor or very poor literacy skills… they experience difficulty reading labels and normal signage.

As for Children…

… a child born in 2010 will live 3 years longer on average than one born 2000

…a child born in 2010 will be considerably more well-educated and qualified than one born in 2000

…a child born in 2010 will be 4 IQ points ahead of a child born in 2000.

…this year there will be about 250,00 reports of child abuse compared with 73,000 in 2000. That’s a 342% increase in child abuse in ten years.

Why Are Adolescents So Difficult?

2010-11-10T12:34:00.000+11:00

Surveys today reveal that adults generally find adolescents perplexing, hard to deal with and lacking in respect for adult and parental values.

“The young always have the same problem - how to rebel and conform at the same time. They have now solved this by defying their parents and copying one another.” ~Quentin Crisp, 1962

Over 70% of adolescents prefer to spend time with friends over parents and family – in fact, family comes in at #4 behind: friends at #1, flirting at #2 and music at #3.

“It's difficult to decide whether growing pains are something teenagers have - or are.” ~Author Unknown

But has much changed? Adults seem to have always had problems with adolescents.

“The children now love luxury; they have bad manners, contempt for authority; they show disrespect for elders and love chatter in place of exercise. Children are now tyrants, not the servants of their households. They no longer rise when elders enter the room. They contradict their parents, chatter before company, gobble up dainties at the table, cross their legs, and tyrannize their teachers.”

Guess who wrote this? Socrates, around 419 BC.

“Adolescence is perhaps nature's way of preparing parents to welcome the empty nest.” ~Karen Savage and Patricia Adams

There is a very good reason that adolescents are “difficult” – they are trying to find out who they are and where their future will be.

“Mother Nature is providential. She gives us twelve years to develop a love for our children before turning them into teenagers.” ~William Galvin

There are dramatic changes to their body, their thought patterns, their brain development and then questions about sexuality, purpose and their ability to understand what is happening to them.

In adolescence such problems as schizophrenia, eating disorders and depression arise.

The emotional insecurity among some adolescents may also tend to cause instances of crime among youth. It is often seen that searching for a distinctive identity is one of the problems that adolescents face.

During adolescence many experiment with alcohol and even drugs.

It is also common for individuals to express their desire to be more like their role models such as athletes, rock or pop stars, and film and television performers.1

“Few things are more satisfying than seeing your children have teenagers of their own.” ~Doug Larson

Relationships with friends are vital.

Relationship with peers plays an important role in analyzing adolescent psychology. It is seen that 90% of adolescents associate themselves with a peer group.

Adolescents receiving support from their peers are less probable to fall into depression or face anxiety.

It is also seen that depressed individuals find it difficult to make friends.

The nature of an adolescent’s behavior is greatly influenced by his friends and companions.

Adolescent psychology has gained prime importance in the recent past due to increased cases being reported about adolescent depression and anxiety.1

“When I was a boy of fourteen, my father was so ignorant I could hardly stand to have the old man around. But when I got to be twenty-one, I was astonished at how much he had learned in seven years.” ~Mark Twain

1 Peter Emerson

Miracles

2010-10-21T09:13:00.000+11:00

Topics: Style Shifting; Fashion Amongst Teenagers; Miracles

Miracles occur everywhere in everyday lives.

Ask any oncologist, and they will tell you they have often seen spontaneous remissions in cancer patients. Are these miracles? If so, to what can they be attributed? Why does spontaneous remission occur amongst atheists and believers at the same rate?

Why were those three people who were recipients of a Mary MacKillop miracle chosen? What happened with all the other people who prayed to Mary MacKillop, but who died anyway?

Visit Northmead Children’s Hospital and ask why are four year old children dying from incurable cancer, no matter how much their families pray for them? Why isn't everyone who prays to Mary saved?

Asking devout Catholics elicits a response of horror that there can be any doubt cast upon the issue of miracles, especially any questioning of Saint Mary’s miracles.

Teenage Fashion

If you have ever travelled to large cities around the world, you might have noticed that fashion amongst teenagers is ubiquitous.

In Sydney teenagers seem to wear much the same style of clothing as is worn in Penrith, Wollongong and Newcastle.

Broaden that to Brisbane, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth and you’ll see the same teenage fashion.

Now, go to summer in Los Angeles, New York, London, Paris, Rome and even Moscow, and you will see Sydney fashions – almost identical.

There was a time, not so long ago, when parents from Australia would buy up pairs and pairs of Nikes and Adidas shoes when they visited America because we couldn’t get those styles in this country and because they were cheap.. Parents used take traces of their children’s’ feet to select the right hi-tops with a special basketballer’s name branded on them.

Now you can see Quiksilver and Billabong branded fashion all through the big cities of the world. And teenagers are wearing them all through summer.

What does this mean? Probably that teenage fashion in big cities has become so similar because of global expansion of brands, but more significantly, because teenagers seem to desire separation from other generations, but want a visible mark that says hey, I’m a teenager. It’s a declaration of being a part of a global culture – the teenager.

Style Shifting

Think of a waiter who adjusts his or her manner when they are serving you.

The good ones can recognise when it’s important to chat or remain discrete and quiet. They can also tell by the mood of the customer what style they should adopt.

The same sociolinguistics apply to all dealings we have with people. We adjust our speaking voice to fit with the type of person with whom we are dealing, and to test this, would you speak with your boss or client in the same voice you would with your friends in a relaxed environment?

Of course, style shifting does not only apply to voice. It also applies to fashion, style and manner – you dress for each occasion.

Really only people with Autism, psychotics or Asperger’s do not make such style shifts. Psychopaths, on the other hand, often have an acute awareness of the need for style shifting. After all, it is manipulative and self-serving, but it is what most of us do everyday of our lives.

Manipulation is the most significant characteristic of the majority of our dealings with other humans, and we voluntarily adjust that type of manipulation to suit every different scenario.

This should indicate that the word manipulation is not bad, simply the way in which we deal with everyday living. So describing someone as manipulative is unnecessary, because the vast majority of our daily behaviour is just that.

Further Erosion of Trust

2010-05-28T10:09:00.000+10:00

Politicians and corporate executives have done little to foster trust within the Australian public over the last two years or so.

An April 2010 Benchmark Research survey (as part of a larger international study) of 5,000 Australian respondents aged 16-70 years has revealed a dramatic fall in confidence for government and corporate leadership since 2007 - with very few exceptions.

Trust
Trust is really just confidence. The opposite is distrust, or rather suspicion.
When you trust people you have confidence in their abilities and integrity. When you distrust them you are suspicious of their integrity,, their agenda, their capabilities.

Broken Promises and Perceived Greed

Of the 5,000 Australians surveyed, using online databases, the number of respondents claiming to have lower trust in government leaders has risen from 29% in April 2007 to 42% in April 2010.

The number of respondents claiming to have lower trust in corporate leaders has also risen from 22% in April 2007 to a massive 53% in April 2010.

Of those surveyed 22% trust the media, 27% trust governments and only 12% trust large companies.

In companies, 51% of employees trust senior management; only 36% believe their leaders act with honesty and integrity, and 76% have observed illegal or unethical conduct by management.

There is a genuine disappointment that regulators have failed to "control" politicians or corporate leaders. There was a belief that governments and corporations were regulated in Australia, thus ensuring that these leaders did not make ruinous decisions.

That belief has all but vanished in 2010 - and has vanished in less than a decade.

The hangover from Britain and America resulting from the global financial crises has tarnished Australians' beliefs so much that they are now more mistrustful of leaders than they are trustful - for the first time since we have been measuring this - which was in April 2003.

Australians under the age of 30 years are generally convinced that they can change all this, that they can bring some order to what they regard as corporate thuggery and governmental idiocy.

Older Australians are generally fed up with the lies, the cheating, the politics and the greed they witness daily in governments and corporates.

Corporate Leadership Affects Brands

There are now several examples from this research where it is clearly indicated that the style of corporate leadership has negatively affected perception of brands. For instance, the style of management of a CEO, as seen in news clips or news commentary, has seen a downrating of a major national/ international airline by consumers, because they perceived the leadership as arrogant, out-of-touch and greedy.

Shareholders rejoiced because their dividends rose, but travelling consumers believed the airline was degraded and losing all its lustre.

A major telecommunications corporation in Australia was seen as bungling, blundering and outmoded because of the actions by many of its senior executives and some of its Board members.

At least three major financial institutions were regarded as overly greedy, out-of-touch with Australian consumers, financially irresponsible and morally corrupt - all because their senior executives were seen as highly overpaid but inept managers.

The list goes on. Our surveys reveal that more and more Australians are coming to doubt the values of corporate leaders, and this doubt bleeds into their brands.

Treading A Wary Path

The recent polls showing a sudden fall in confidence and voting intention for the relatively new Federal labor Government and its leadership reveal just how quixotic and volatile Australians' attitudes are today.

It appears from all the research data we have amassed, that Australians are wary of corporations, governments and supposed leaders - public and private.

There appear to be very few leaders who have covered themselves in glory. Levels of cynicism about leadership were at an all time high in April this year.
Comments such as: "You can't trust any of them" or "They're all crooks" or "They haven't given us any reason to believe what they tell us" are repeated frequently in surveys and focus groups when we ask about government or corporate leaders.

So much has happened over the last few years to erode trust - collapsing of major companies; senior executives being paid large sums for apparent failure; bail-outs by governments; losses of personal wealth or value amongst investors; the failure of economists to predict looming financial disasters, and so on - all leading to what people regard as "The little man being hit hard while the big guys get away with blue murder, money and power".

In the Daily Telegraph this week, there was an article about the richest people in Australia. Directly beneath this article is an advertisement for meals for a whole family at under $10 cost. The irony was not lost a group of stay-at-home mums I was interviewing that day.

Their thoughts on the juxtaposition: "The rich just keep on getting richer at our expense" and "..we're struggling to feed our family for ten bucks a meal, and they make billions a year... where's the justice in that?"

The Need for Leadership Is Paramount

In the main, politicians and corporate bosses "...just can't be trusted anymore...".

They are frequently perceived as liars and cheats. Where, once upon a time, Australians had faith that all sorts of institutions were under strict controls, today they see them often as loose cannons; as being run by people who have no greater idea about what to do than does the man-on-the-street.

The need to find leaders is critical to most Australians. Leaders who really know where to go and what to do to get there. Leaders who have the intelligence to plan for success and to prepare for pitfalls and failures along the way. Leaders who can cogently argue their way along a path to what is good and right, without crushing the little men along the way.

Our research shows that Australians are desperate for leaders in politics, government and business.

Sadly, the media is filled with negative stories about the failures of governments and corporations, and with very little good news about leadership.

In following reports I will discuss ways that have been successfully deployed to regain trust.

The Millenials

2010-05-03T09:04:00.001+10:00

In this report, we take a look at the group now becoming known as ‘The Millennials’ – the young people who will change our society over the next two decades.

Gone will be the downbeat, depressed, drug-taking, binge-drinking Gen Y views – replaced with upbeat and community-minded optimists.

The rates of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis consumption and binge-drinking have consistently fallen amongst 12 – 17 year olds since 1979. After hitting record highs in the mid-nineties the rate of serious crime committed by 12 – 17 year olds has dropped to an all time low. Similarly, rates of pregnancy, abortion and childbirth which sky-rocketed in the early nineties have fallen dramatically to all-time lows.

Even more surprising, support for ‘Zero Tolerance’ or ‘ZT’, which arose in the late eighties in response to rapidly rising rates of drug and alcohol abuse and the out-of-control pop culture, has itself risen. Now approximately 7/10 school children support ZT.

The Gen X slogan was ‘Just Do It’; the Gen Y slogan was ‘Just Done It’. The Millennial's slogan is ‘Won’t Do It’. Remember Alex (Michael J Fox) in Family Ties, the archly conservative Republican son of left-wing Democrat parents? He is here amongst us in huge numbers. He is the new generation – the Millennials.

Rejection of Previous Morals and Behaviour

“I can’t excuse what the baby boomers did with sex and drugs when they were kids.” Michael 17

“I am not old enough to vote yet, but I am writing this on behalf of my generation of future voters…we are becoming selfish and displaying so much dishonesty. When kids see the highest authority in the country lying about detention centers and many other things, who can you trust? And, if we cannot trust the government our parents voted in, can we really trust our parents?” Chris, 15

A Recent Survey of 1,100 teenagers revealed:

Wait Until Married To have Sex?

Very Important: 53%

Somewhat Important: 23%

Not Important: 22%

Today’s teens are confident, even cocky, about how they can improve things when their turn comes. Surveys within schools show that with a two-to-one majority they expect that the government will run better when they are in control. They think the economy will be better by a three-to-one majority.

Millennials believe in positive change, but that’s less the belief that things are getting better than the belief that things can get better. They seek some new forms of order and stability – not a return to the 1950’s, but forging a new national consensus.

There has been a significant shift in game enemies; from facing down demons who attack for no reason other than they’re evil, to fighting terrorists and other modern foes for a cause, and a good one, human freedom, liberty and so on. Strategy games used to be about conquering the world, tearing down a society. Now there’s been a shift games in which the goal is to build a civilization and to defend it against barbarian hordes and the forces of chaos.

Like the Power Rangers they idolized as children, Millennials believe they can magically transform themselves into a massive force against evil by simply working together.

Millennials are developing an amazing optimism and conviction that the future will indeed be better for all.

“We are not going to let the world down.” Charlie, 16

“We can reach our destiny. We will feast in harmony as one.” “N Sync.

In 1980 the rate of overdose with illicit drugs was less than 1 per 100,000 teens and adults alike. In 1996 it was still at 1 in 100,000 for teens but had jumped to 12 in 100,000 amongst adults. What does this tell us? That Gen Xers and Yers went through a grungy phase. Millennials are more ‘preppy’ to coin an American phrase. They don’t feel the pessimism of the past generations. They look at what their parents did and think it wasn’t so great. They now work harder at school than any previous generation has; they socialize less often than the three previous generations; they consume significantly less alcohol, tobacco and cannabis as well. What is likely to affect our society is that they have much stronger beliefs in marriage than the last two generations.

Even movies and TV shows are starting to reflect this growing shift in morals. “In fact, for all the naughty talk and edgy sound tracks, most teen movies offer up archetypes that seem closer to the 50’s and 00’s. There is nothing more than playful subversiveness in most teen movies today.” MacLean’s

The thesis is that the Millennials will bring dramatic changes to the social, moral, ethical and cultural landscape of Australia.

“You and I are capable of infinite futures.” Di. 13

2010-03-10T13:44:00.000+11:00

In this report, we take a look at the group now becoming known as ‘The Millennials’ – the young people who will change our society over the next decade.

Gone will be the downbeat, depressed, drug-taking, binge-drinking Gen Y views – replaced with upbeat and community-minded optimists.

Rejection of Pervious Morals and Behaviour

“I can’t excuse what the baby boomers did with sex and drugs when they were kids.”

Michael 17

“I am not old enough to vote yet, but I am writing this on behalf of my generation of future voters…we are becoming selfish and displaying so much dishonesty. When kids see the highest authority in the country lying about detention centers and many other things, who can you trust? And, if we cannot trust the government our parents voted in, can we really trust our parents?” Chris, 15

Survey Question: Wait Until Married To have Sex?

Very Important: 53%

Somewhat Important: 23%

Not Important: 22%

Millennials believe in positive change, but that’s less the belief that things are getting better than the belief that things can get better. They seek some new form of order and stability – not a return to the 1950’s, but forging a new national consensus.

There has been a significant shift in game enemies; from facing down demons who attack for no reason other than they’re evil, to fighting terrorists and other modern foes for a cause, and a good one, human freedom, liberty and so on. Strategy games used to be about conquering the world, tearing down a society. Now there’s been a shift to games in which the goal is to build a civilization and to defend it against barbarian hordes and the forces of chaos.

Like the Power Rangers they idolized as children, Millennials believe they can magically transform themselves into a massive force against evil by simply working together.

Millennials are developing an amazing optimism and conviction that the future will indeed be better for all.

“We are not going to let the world down.” Charlie, 16

“We can reach our destiny. We will feast in harmony as one.” 'N Sync.

In the 1980 the rate of overdose with illicit drugs was less than 1 per 100,000 teens and adults alike. In 1996 it was still at 1 in 100,000 for teens but had jumped to 12 in 100,000 amongst adults. What does this tell us? That Gen Xers and Yers went through a grungy phase.

Millennials are more ‘preppy’ to coin an American phrase. They don’t feel the pessimism of the past generations. They look at what their parents did and think it wasn’t so great. They now work harder at school than any previous generation has; they socialize less often than the three previous generations; they consume significantly less alcohol, tobacco and cannabis as well. What is likely to affect our society is that they have much stronger beliefs in marriage than the last two generations.

The thesis is that the Millennials will bring dramatic changes to the social, moral, ethical and cultural landscape of Australia.

The one major concern of Millenials is the environment. They are concerned about global warming, man's contribution to this, and the possibility that they will have to make the changes that previous generations have failed to do (in their eyes).

“You and I are capable of infinite futures.” Di. 13

2010-02-25T16:53:00.004+11:00

Being ‘young’ today in Australia brings with it a great deal of pressure to perform, conform, be different, rage-against-the-machine, socialise and be successful - all at considerable cost both physically and emotionally.

Last month we conducted a survey of 1,200 respondents aged between 25 and 60 years of age. Asked whether they thought young people today were better off, worse off or about the same as they were when they were growing up, only 11% said better off; 61% said worse off; 12% said the same; 16% didn’t know.

This is quite surprising in view of the relative affluence in which these young people are now growing up. When we looked at this 61% saying ‘worse off’ qualitatively we found that what most of these respondents were referring to was not financially related - they were referring to social, political and emotional factors. In fact, it was to the social and political issues that they were mostly referring.

The sorts of issues that even some as young as 25 years believed are being faced by young people were the expectations of Australian society to perform - in career; in relationships; in community; in a society that these older people saw as increasingly hostile to the young. Why? For one reason, they saw that today’s pace of living is far greater than when they were growing up. They saw that Australia (like the rest of the world) is infected with a type of ‘hurry’ sickness. We now spend our lives rushing from task to task; meeting to meeting; appointment to appointment.

So, it seems, the answer by 61% that young people growing up today have it worse off than in earlier times could be a reflection of just how anxious and rushed the respondents saw their own lives. When we ask people in our focus groups to tell us (apart from money) what do they want more of in their lives, the response is ‘time’ in over 90% of cases.

Did you know that the elevator button needing replacement most often is the ‘Door Close’? We are so impatient that new elevators can come fitted with a ‘psychological waiting time’ application whereby when you press the call button a program determines the closest car to you and then lights up the appropriate signal to let you know which one will be there.

Young people suffer performance anxiety at a rate far greater than ever before.

This accelerated pace is clearly visible in the big cities - young people are literally rushing off their feet to get things done - work, study, friendships, sex, drugs, parties, drinking and so on it goes.

They feel the need to ‘perform’ at all these things far more acutely than ever before because there is so much more to do and get done. They rarely get time or take time to stop and smell the roses. This could be partly the reason that one in five suffer an emotional disorder requiring treatment before the age of 20 years of age. It could also account for the dramatic increase in the use of anti-depressants amongst the young over the past five years. It could account for the rise and rise of binge drinking and illicit drug use amongst teenagers (one in every three teens has ‘tried’ a form of illicit drug; many as young as 12 years old) - surely a sign that they are having difficulty coping.

It’s hard to imagine that the pace of life is going to slow, so we need to be teaching our kids ways of coping without necessarily resorting to drugs or alcohol.

Parents are vital to this issue - really they are the determining factor in the ways in which their children will cope.

‘I’m going to kill myself. I should go to Paris and jump off the Eiffel Tower. You know, if I get the Concorde I could be dead three hours earlier. Wait a minute, with the time change I could be alive for six hours in New York but dead for three hours in Paris. I could get things done and also be dead.’ Woody Allen.

2010-02-25T14:23:00.001+11:00

Proxemics

An anthropologist researcher named E. T. Hall developed a theory about the ways we utilise space between people to communicate non-verbally. Its name is proxemics. He developed this theory in 1963, and it is as useful today as it was then.

What is “Proxemics”?

It is the study of space between humans and how we use this space to say certain things to others.

Proxemics is used today to assist in the design of retail outlets, restaurants, offices and even public seating areas.

Given that almost 90% of all human communication is non-verbal, being attuned to proxemics allows us to learn a great deal about our relationships with others without saying a single word.

How does proxemics help us?

Proxemics allows us to determine spatial layouts or designs for all types of areas.

Proxemics also needs to adjust with cultural differences.

Anyone designing a public area, seating area, meeting area, retail zone or eating zone must be aware of proxemics - poor design will lead to poor spatial usage and lack of business.

1. The Intimate Space

Consider this, in western civilisation a “comfortable” distance between people in an intimate or private situation is generally 15-45 centimetres - a “zone” for whispering, embracing or whatever else people do when they are so close.

2. The Personal Space

This zone is the comfortable distance when have a conversation with friends, family or close colleagues. This zone has a distance of between 45cms to 1.2 metres.

This space is also used to separate people waiting in queues at ATMs, bank tellers, or indeed anywhere that requires each of us to reasonably make personal contact with man or machine.

We have all experienced the discomfort of a person invading this space when we wait in a queue for some sort of service.

3. Social Space

This space is comfortable for conversations with work colleagues and acquaintances where it would be impolite to get any closer (Jerry Seinfeld’s “close talker” episode). This distance is between 1.2 metres and 3.5 metres.

This space also separates strangers, and designers will find that areas that do not allow for this distance will rarely attract users or patrons or customers.

4. Public Space

This is the polite and comfortable distance between say, a public speaker and an audience. This distance is 3.5 metres and beyond.

In his book Hidden Dimension, E.T. Hall illustrates that perceived spatial violations can lead to clashes between cultures - for example Western and Middle Eastern civilisations (where the distances between speakers is generally much smaller) can feel threatened when they communicate using different cultural distances.

In Saudi Arabia, for example, you might find yourself nose-to-nose with a business associate because their social space equates to our intimate space. you will probably find yourself backing away trying to regain your social space while your associate peruses you across the floor trying to maintain his. finally, you would come away from the encounter thinking he was “pushy”, and he thinking you were “stand-offish”.

If, on the other hand, you were visiting a friend in the Netherlands, you would find the roles reversed, you would be doing the chasing because their personal space equates to our social space.

Knowledge of proxemics within different cultures is vital for any space. One size does not fit all.

If you would like any more information, or wish to discuss this matter please contact me:

Mark de Teliga 0410 463 643/ markdeteliga@gmail.com

2010-02-02T06:51:00.005+11:00

When you go into a building - it might be your home, or your office, a shop, restaurant or any other space - how does it enhance your feelings? What is is about its form or location or the objects within it that you like or dislike? What attracts you to want go back, or never go back?

Do this simple test when you are about to enter a building for the very first time:

What do I expect will be in the entrance or foyer? Will it be grand? Overwhelming? Is it attempting to make me feel small and insignificant? Will it be a reflection of a style I loathe? Or will I feel immediately comfortable and maybe even excited being there? Will it help me understand what this place is all about? Will it be a reflection of what I want from a place like this?

The big test is: would I want to live like this?

Endless research projects we have conducted into the impact upon the psyche of the built environment have shown that, over and over again, most people yearn for an upgraded version of their own living environment. They see their own as passé, they do not want a reflection of their current life, they generally want a better one.

It’s as simple as: “Oh I’d really like that in my home!”

We found that when people desired an object or finish or even a feature that they wanted in their home, this was the greatest accolade they could give.

When you look around you in a space or place do you feel as though you belong?

Do you feel happy to be there? Are you comfortable with the lighting, the furniture, the noise levels, the decor? I have spent a bit of time in the new Westpac building in Sydney - it is a masterpiece for visitors and staff. It is comfortable but at the same time rather exotic. Staff are somewhat blasé about their surroundings, but admit it’s a great place to work. However, first time visitors are amazed by the art, the number of beautiful meeting rooms, the outlook (almost every room has a view of Darling Harbour and the ANZAC Bridge). There are over 5,000 people in the building - not counting visitors - and they enjoy levels of comfort I have rarely seen before in an office building. Yet it’s not over-the-top at all.

Winston Churchill said “We shape our buildings; thereafter they shape us.”

The interiors and exteriors of places convey messages. We sense instantly if the vision for the place is mean or grand (not necessarily grand in size).

We sense instantly if the place is true to the vision or just to the bottom-line.

Most of all, the design of places tells us everything about how the owners want to be perceived by the public. All my research has shown that when corners are cut the public somehow senses it and “marks down” the place.

Negative examples of the power of design

Another way of looking at the power of design is to study its negative impact upon the psyche. In his book Architecture of Authority, Richard Ross has shown a huge variety of very disturbing images described as “authority, tyranny...and morality”. They range from pictures of the segregation cells at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq; the wooden “booking bench” in an LAPD holding centre (a long trestle with 20 or so sets of handcuffs fixed to it); shower stalls at Camp X-Ray and the like. These places issue threats and hideous consequences simply through their design. They were specifically designed to terrify and intimidate.

The double meanings of design

In a recent interview, Richard Ross said “I find it deliciously obvious that an interrogation room at LAPD Parker Center where O.J. Simpson was questioned (in the infamous 1990s murder case) is about the same dimensions as the confessional at a catholic church in Santa Barbara. But then, why not? Both seek to gain a confession for some form of absolution or mitigation of sentence. Both are intimate spaces designed to gain trust and allow secrets to be revealed.”

2009-12-10T09:21:00.002+11:00

Why do some people love their homes, and yet others feel ill as soon as they drive up to it? What is it about a built environment that can arouse passion? What differentiates a built environment like a house from a home? When does a house become a home? Does our workplace also express our feelings? Do we go to places that express our unconscious?

Using your home to express yourself.

Nothing new here. We know that we express ourselves by hairstyles, clothing, brands we consume and so on.

What is less recognised is that our homes can be representative of our unconscious - latent memories from childhood or even a reflection of our values to other people.

Do teenagers leave their rooms in disarray as a symbol of defiance? Do some people purchase a completely inappropriate style of dwelling for their current situation, only to later realise it is reminiscent of their childhood dwelling?

It appears that the places we occupy and visit have powerful influence over our unconscious search for wholeness.

Our “places” lead us to a representation of our wholeness.

We have now completed over 100 in-depth interviews with people who are passionate about their homes, as well as the places they are likely to “be seen” - and are able to express these passions. It is an on-going study.

Quite literally, where we go and where we dwell are expressions of our unconscious desires to become complete.. Places - home, shops we visit often, restaurants we frequent - are reflections of our unconscious desires to relive our happy past, or to eradicate it and tell the world that we have changed.

This also applies to objects

The unconscious drive towards completion or wholeness includes the objects about which we feel an emotional attachment. “I love this painting” or “I am really attached to this dining room table” are expressions of this. These become part of the process of becoming who we truly are.

The house as a symbol

This has been discussed extensively, but what hasn’t had much discussion is the psychological impact of the contents and arrangement of these contents in the home, office, restaurant and so on.

We have found that many people are unable to change their dwelling, office or places they visit, but the layout, objects and their positioning are powerful expressions of self.

We grow up discovering self

A child building a cubby house or a fort is carrying out an act of creativity so important in discovering self.

A teenager putting up posters and scattering their clothes around their room is expressing who he or she is, at the same defining their self.

When a young adult moves away from the parental home for the first time they expend a lot of effort creating their own picture of who they are - and for them it is a process of self-discovery as well. And so it goes on throughout our lives.

Public spaces

Architects and designers are really only now starting value this notion of unconscious self when it comes to designing public spaces, retail spaces and offices.

This seeking of self is now being considered important in designing public spaces, restaurants and so on.

We can now group or cluster self, thereby assisting architects to understand the requirements for a place that are most likely to attract certain selfs. These are not types, nor are they needstates, they are unconscious expressions of our desire to find our self.

The objects placed within a place or space are as important as the place or space itself. If the designers understand what these object can symbolise they can become very powerful attractors to that place.

If you would like any more information, or wish to discuss this matter please contact me:

Mark de Teliga 0410 463 643

2009-11-06T09:07:00.010+11:00

Creative or goal-oriented?

There is a simple and effective means of classifying participants in focus groups that has many uses. It is also valuable for determining what sorts of responses you wish to get out of certain types of people.

Are you highly creative or goal-focussed?

There is a very simple means in any group of people by which we can determine with some reasonable degree of accuracy who is ‘creative’ and who is more attuned to be ‘managers’.

This method was developed about ten years ago by the American Psychological Association, and has been used in thousands of circumstances - with pretty good accuracy.

We ask people to tell us which to tell us which of the following shapes they like the most.

Respondents are shown the following shapes on paper:

SQUARE

CIRCLE

TRIANGLE

SQUIGGLE

If you picked the square you are classified as a ‘Thinker’ - you prefer stable environments. You like to have clear directions. You will work until you drop on a project. You are very uncomfortable about floating around aimlessly, and you seek order and consistency. You are not initially creative , but will develop creative thoughts when encouraged. You will follow through on everything you do.

If you chose the circle your key characteristic is ‘Harmonious’ - friendly, slow to react, extroverted, creative. You will go out on many limbs for your beliefs and principles. You are not at all systematic, and you are quite a time-waster - procrastinating and putting off decisions. You are a big talker, not a speedy doer.

People who like the triangle tend to be very goal-oriented. These people like to sit at the head of the table in meetings. They are accomplished and highly motivated by success. Ambitious, and skilled. They do not get bogged down by details - seeing the big picture - macro not micro. They will design steps to solutions, won’t dither around or wander off the subject.

People who like the squiggle the most disdain regularity and details. They tend to be off-the-wall creative. They are loud and outspoken - vociferous. They have wildly unstructured ideas which are often unsound - but they sure are thought provoking. They are genuinely inventive. If you want creative thinking these are the ones who will provide it in spades. They also tend to be disruptive and will barge off in odd directions if not kept in check.

The uses of this simple test are many - it is especially good in focus groups when we wish to split the groups into two and have participants devise plans for brands or new products. It is also useful when recruiting /setting up groups where certain types of thinking might be more beneficial.

If you would like any more information, or wish to discuss this matter please contact me:

Mark de Teliga 0410 463 643/ markdeteliga@gmail.com

Sources: American Psychological Association Journal May 1997

2009-11-06T09:06:00.004+11:00

Choice Overload

There is a school of thought that we are suffering from choice overload. Some recent psychological research has shown that, whilst counterintuitive, we might be better off seeking ‘good enough’ from our decisions rather than ‘the besť; we might also be better off if we lowered our expectations about the results of our decisions.

According to the American Psychological Association, if you seek and accept only the best you are a maximizer. If, on the other hand, you are prepared to settle for something good enough, you are termed a satisficer. Take the case of a maximizer shopping for a new dress - she will seek only the best and at the best price, so she will have the daunting task ahead of her whereby she has to visit many, many stores, check price after price before she makes a decision. Whilst she might not visit every store, she will aspire to reach the perfect decision. She may also be nagged by doubts after the purchase that she could have done better. To a maximizer, a satisficer will appear less discriminating, settling for mediocrity. The satisficer might be just as discriminating, but will be happier with her selection than the maximizer. The point is, too much choice can lead to misery for many people.

A Nobel Prize-winning psychologist named Herbert Simon introduced the notion of satisficing in the 1950’s. He said that the cost of maximizing (in terms of time, money and anguish) meant that satisficing was actually the best strategy for humans faced with the explosion in choices available. Imagine his thoughts today!

Here is a simple test to determine maximizing vs. satsficing developed by the APA. Write a number from 1 (completely disagree) to 7 (completely agree) next to each question. Add up your score. If it is 65 or higher you are a maximizer. If it is 40 or lower you are a satisficer. Many thousands of people have been surveyed using this test, no differences exist between males and females; the highest score was 75; the lowest 25; the mean was 50.

Next report will explore this subject more fully.

Maximization Scale.

1.Whenever I’m faced with a choice, I try to imagine what all the other possibilities are, even ones that aren’t present at the moment.

2. No matter how satisfied I am with my job, iťs only right for me to be on the lookout for better opportunities.

3.When I am in the car listening to the radio, I often check other stations to see if something better is playing, even if I am relatively satisfied with what I’m listening to.

4.When I watch TV, I channel surf, often scanning through the available options even while attempting to watch one program.

5.I treat relationships like clothing: I expect to try a lot on before finding the perfect fit.

6.I often find it difficult to shop for a gift for a friend.

7.Renting videos is really difficult. I’m always struggling to pick the best one.

8.When shopping, I have a hard time finding clothing I really love.

9.I’m a big fan of lists that attempt to rank things (best movies; best singers; best athletes; best novels; etc).

10.I find that writing is very difficult. even if iťs a letter to a friend, because iťs so hard to word things right. I often do several drafts of even simple things.

11.I never settle for second best.

12.No matter what I do, I have the highest standards for myself.

13.I often fantasize about living in ways that are quite different from my actual life.

2009-11-06T09:04:00.008+11:00

Young and out of time

Being ‘young’ today in Australia brings with it a great deal of pressure to perform, conform, be different, rage-against-the-machine, socialise and be successful - all at considerable cost both physically and emotionally.

Young people suffer performance anxiety at a rate far greater than ever before.

Although it can be argued that we Australians have always placed great importance upon career; relationships; education; health and so on, why now do so many people think it’s tougher these days? Answer: lack of time. Instead of helping better manage time, technology has caused the need to multi-task; forced the need for instant responses to SMS and emails; taken us to a point of never-ending, seamless communication.

This accelerated pace is clearly visible in the big cities - young people are literally rushing off their feet to get things done - work, study, friendships, sex, drugs, parties, drinking and so on it goes. They feel the need to ‘perform’ at all these things far more acutely than ever before because there is so much more to do and get done. They rarely get time or take time to stop and smell the roses. This could be partly the reason that one in five suffer an emotional disorder requiring treatment before the age of 20 years of age. It could also account for the dramatic increase in the use of anti-depressants amongst the young over the past five years. It could account for the rise and rise of binge drinking and illicit drug use amongst teenagers (one in every three teens has ‘tried’ a form of illicit drug) - surely a sign that they are having difficulty coping.

It’s hard to imagine that the pace of life is going to slow, so we need to be teaching our kids ways of coping without necessarily resorting to drugs or alcohol.

For more information please contact me on 0410 463 643 or markdeteliga@gmail.com

2009-11-06T09:03:00.001+11:00

Adoption of Innovation

Adoption of innovation is generally very high in Australia. We adopted microwaves, mobile phones and television faster than did any other country.

Several studies have shown that innovation is adopted at varying rates throughout the market place.

Rates of adoption are normally distributed.

Many studies have looked at the rate of adoption of innovations within markets - and lo and behold - it is normally distributed amongst the population.

Innovators - 2.5%

Early Adopters - 13.5%

Early Majority - 34%

Late Majority - 34%

Laggards - 13.5%

Luddites - 2.5%

Innovators

Venturesome - very eager to try new ideas - acceptable if risk is daring - more cosmopolite social relationships - communicate with other innovators.

Early Adopters

Respectable - more integrated into the local social system - category contains greatest number of opinion leaders - are role models - the person to check with before using a new idea.

Early Majority

Deliberate - adopt new ideas just prior to the average time - seldom hold leadership positions - deliberate for some time before adopting.

Late Majority

Sceptical - adopt new ideas just after the average time - adopting may be both an economic necessity and a reaction to network pressures - innovations approached cautiously.

Laggards

Traditional - the last members to adopt an innovation - most ‘localite’ in outlook - oriented in the past - suspicious of anything new.

Luddites

Backward - unlikely to adopt new ideas at any time - tend to be older people - rooted in the past - focus upon their own backyard and and nothing else - don’t believe new ideas work - the old ways are the best.

If you would like any more information, or wish to discuss this matter please contact me:

Mark de Teliga 0410 463 643/ markdeteliga@gmail.com